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The following case was witnessed by Regina Müller:
on returning from an abundant turtle hunt, Boaiwa announced
in the village that he had seen five Tiwá (jaguar
spirits). Momuma commented on this sign: when one sees
Tiwá, a war with enemies is approaching. And
he continued: wild Indians are coming to fight. Tiwá
is the jaguar, inambu, jacu, mutum. It is all the whites,
who have white beards. The pajés, who are Tiwá,
eat deer meat as do jaguars. These conversations preceded
the preparations for the great ritual turtle banquet
and the shamanic ritual to invoke the spirit of the
Jaguar, which lasted from 21 to 25 February, 1981. Boaiwa
was the principal figure in these events. As a warrior
(mboakara), he offered food to everyone in the group
so that the dead of the enemy would not cause
any evil.
At the beginning of March, Boaiwas health
worsened. He was coughing a lot and, when an outbreak
of flu spread through the whole village, he began to
throw up blood. The community mobilized around a shamanic
ritual (of the Karowara spirit). Boaiwa, meanwhile,
did not assume the position of patient to receive the
spiritual treatment of the shaman. To the contrary,
he sat in the circle of shamans and participated with
them in the ritual meal and cigar-smoking.
The Asurini said that Boaiwa was not sick, but
was turning into a shaman (pazé opotara). Thus,
he could not take more injections, since the medication
hindered his contact with the Tiwá. It was necessary
for him to learn how to dominate the contact, which
would only happen when he got ka´a
(the spirit substance that enters into the body of the
pajé). At the moment of the initial contacts
of the Tiwá with the pajés, Boaiwa struggled,
threw himself onto the ground, walked and twitched like
a jaguar. The women stayed close to the houseposts,
warding Boaiwa off so that he would not hurt them. The
experienced pajés controlled the spirit. Their
bodies became inert with their loss of consciousness.
Boaiwa was only beginning his apprenticeship.
He would have to smoke many cigars, dance, fast, and
get Tiwá. Various shamanic rituals
then followed so that the new shaman could practice.
In this context, at the request of the shamans, the
medication that the FUNAI nurse was giving to him was
suspended. The Asurini asked me to explain to the nursing
attendant why Boaiwa could not take any more injections,
causing a misunderstanding between me and the local
FUNAI agents.
The maraká of the Tiwá continued
intense, medication was suspended, with Boaiwa vomiting
blood. They would only stop when he succeeded in controlling
the agressivity of the spirit, who was shooting arrows
against his body. Despite the care that his family gave
him, Boaiwa, after several days, showed signs of exhaustion
and wounds on his body, the result of his having thrown
himself on the ground and against the houseposts. The
blood that came out of his mouth was attributed by the
Asurini to the carnivorous habits of the Tiwá.
On March 6, I went into the house where the
rituals were being realized and found Boaiwa alone,
in his hammock, trying to stop the blood that came from
his mouth. With his eyes wide open, he asked to be taken
to Altamira because he was going to die. In these circumstances,
the shamans, grouped around Boaiwas hammock, ended
up agreeing to the application of anti-hemorrhage medication.
Just one injection. Two days later, Dr. Frederico Ribeiro,
a doctor sent by the FUNAI headquarters in Brasília,
arrived in the village to stay two months in the village
of the Asurini, Indians threatened with extinction".
Boaiwas health improved and the blood
stopped coming out of his mouth. The "exercises"
to transform him into a pajé continued intensely,
for more than a month, even against the recommendations
of the nurse attendant and the doctor. For a long time,
Boaiwa was the youngest pajé of the Asurini of
the Xingu. Today, however, his grandsons Imudi´i
(11 years old) and Parajuá (15 ) are the most
recently initiated.
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