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CONTEMPORARY ASPECTS   
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CONTEMPORARY ASPECTS

Funai’s actuation among the Katukina are practically non-existent and in order to implement initiatives in essential areas, such as education and healthcare, they have set up partnerships with non-governmental organizations.

There are two schools in the Campinas River IT, both of whose teachers are Katukina, trained on courses offered annually by the Acre Pro-Indian Commission (Comissão Pró-Índio do Acre – CPI-AC) since 1980, during which they produce the didactic bilingual material to be used in the classroom. The same organization inspects the schools. The CPI-AC and National Health Foundation have offered training courses for some Indians to act as healthcare workers. The Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário – CIMI) has also been present among the Katukina on the Campinas river since the beginning of the 1990s, developing support projects in areas such as agriculture and healthcare. In the Gregório River IT, the MNTB has offered health and educational assistance since 1972.

In the Campinas River IT most of the financial resources available to the Katukina for buying industrialized goods (axes, machetes, kerosene, clothing, etc.) derive from the pensions of older people, who have acquired the right to obtain the payments as rural workers. Only a few manage to sell a small amount of agricultural surplus in the Cruzeiro do Sul market. Although close to the city, the Katukina do not have their own means of transportation and the freight costs for taking their agricultural produce to the city is very expensive. The situation is even more precarious in the Gregório River IT. There are few Indians who have claimed pensions and the long distance, combined with the lack of a means of transport, to Tarauacá or Cruzeiro do Sul – the cities where the monthly payments are made – leads to some people desisting from the benefit. The same reason explains their difficulty in selling their agricultural produce. In order to help re-supply the missing industrialized goods, some Katukina perform small jobs for the MNTB missionaries, receiving the merchandise they need as payment.

From 1996 the state and federal governments began works for paving the BR-364 (Rio Branco-Cruzeiro do Sul). The highway crosses the Campinas River IT for 18 km along its entire east-west axis. However, up until now, no compensatory measures have been implemented – nor even stipulated – to help minimize the socio-environmental damage which will be caused to the Katukina on the Campinas river who are directly affected, nor to the other indigenous peoples of the upper Juruá region and the Javari valley who will suffer the indirect effects of paving the highway.

Edilene Coffaci de Lima
Federal University of Paraná
edilene@humanas.ufpr.br
January 1999
 
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