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The existing bibliographical sources on the
Rikbaktsa were all written after the contact established
by the Jesuits. There are papers and reports written
by the missionaries themselves, within the perspective
of catechism and tutelage, and those by the members
of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, who also had
contact with the Rikbaktsa, although not as profound
and as constant as the Jesuits of the Anchieta Mission.
Among the works by the missionaries, the most important
was written by Father João Dornstaudter, who
was in charge of the pacification process.
In it he describes the expeditions and the first contacts,
as well as the regional context and the living conditions
of the Rikbaktsa. Other important information sources
regarding the way the Jesuits carried out their work
are those written by fathers Moura and Weber.
Of the first ethnographic descriptions about
the Rikbaktsa, the best are by the anthropologist Harald
Schultz, who visited their area in 1962, during the
first year of peaceful contact and whom, in addition
to the precise text, produced excellent photographs,
which he published in the two articles he wrote that
deal with the Rikbaktsa.
Ethnographic descriptions can also be found
in the works by Joan Boswood, of the Summer Institute
of Linguistics, although her studies are more focused
on the Rikbakts, as is Sheila Tremaines.
A more ambitious work is Robert Hahns,
an anthropologist who worked with the Rikbaktsa in the
early 1970s and produced the first dissertation about
them. Directed to the analysis of the terminological
kinship system, it was the first extensive ethnography
about the Rikbaktsa, and studied the presence of the
Jesuits and the implications of catechism over the Indians
as well.
More recent works about the Rikbaktsa, so far,
are mine. Firstly, the reports assessing their situation,
as part of the study carried out by the Polonoroeste
Project between 1983 and 1988. Among them there is the
report for the identification of the indigenous areas
of Japuíra and Escondido, carried out in 1985.
A new report of identification of the Escondido indigenous
area was made in 1993, redefining it and serving as
the basis for its demarcation in 1998. Those reports
give a vision of the moment, although an effort was
made to rely on a perspective of the Rikbaktsas
history.
The research funded by CNPq scholarships resulted
in a report in 1988, and in my PhD dissertation in 1992.
In both, I tried to present the set of historical and
ethnographic information about the Rikbaktsa I was able
to gather, and analyze them in the perspective of the
theoretical field of Anthropology.
Later on I studied in more depth some aspects
of their though in my articles "Mitos Rikbaktsa"
(Rikbaktsa Myths). I also published two more articles
analyzing their political and territorial struggles,
and developed yet another study comparing the regional
model of occupation of the space and the use of natural
resources to the Rikbaktsa model, in addition to producing
an ethnographic video about them.
In 1985, during the struggle for the Japuíra
Indigenous Land, the police invaded the area, submitted
the Indians to physical and moral pressures and arrested
and tortured Father Balduíno Loebens, a missionary
who had been working among the Rikbaktsa for 30 years,
among other abuses. Testimonies about those facts and
the lawsuit that followed them, won by the Rikbaktsa,
can be found in the Dossiê Rikpaktsa, organized
by the Funai indigenist Odenir Oliveira. Last but not
least, there are works by the Rikbaktsa themselves,
one of them written with the support of Fausto Campoli,
who at the time was OPANs consultant on education,
and another by the Summer Institute of Linguistics.
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