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In 1968, Friar Gil Gomes Leitão succeeded
in getting the Sororó indigenous lands interdicted,
through presidential decree 63.367, of October 8, 1968.
In 1975, a revision of the interdicted area, coordinated
by the anthropologist Iara Ferraz, resulted in the demarcation,
in 1979, of an area of 26,257 hectares, regulated by
the FUNAI Decree 1.370, of September 24, 1979. Finally,
this demarcation was homologated through Presidential
decree 88.648, of August 30, 1983. With the growth of
the population, this area has become small and the difficulty
of enlargening it is great, since it is surrounded by
innumerable private properties. The restitution of part
of the land of the old villages and nut-groves that
remained outside the demarcated area, is expected to
take place over the next few years, at least it is included
in the plans of the Funai.
The Suruí do not have an indigenous association.
There are few who are literate and several children
attend school in São Domingos do Araguaia. There
is a school in the village, but it has functioned very
irregularly. An indigenous nurse keeps the health post
functioning, even though precariously. The more serious
cases are sent to Marabá, about 100 kilometers
away. The food situation leaves something to be desired,
although they have introduced rice plantation and the
raising of bovine cattle. Hunting is becoming ever more
difficult, as is gathering. There is a FUNAI post with
an indigenous person in charge For awhile they received
assistance from the Vale do Rio Doce Company (food,
medical assistance, agricultural tools and even a tractor,
which at the moment is not working), through the Carajás
project which, however, interrupted indefinitely. Although
the Dominican missionaries, with headquarters in Marabá,
have visited the village with frequency since the first
contact, there are no active missions in the village.
In 1996, several Indians commented on this absence,
emphasizing thet they prefer to continue "being
Indians and following their traditional religion".
Although they still have a village, the houses
copy the models of regional dwellings, being divided
into rooms. All Suruí wear clothes in the Western
style, possess objects such as radios, sound players,
firearms etc. The handcrafted hammocks have been substituted
by hammocks bought in Marabá, but they still
make wide bands of cotton for mothers to carry their
children (tipóias). Ceramic pieces have been
substituted by industrialized objects. The men do not
wear their hair long and the ritual practice of piercing
the lower lip is becoming ever more infrequent. Despite
all this, they continue to utilize their native language
and practice rituals, besides having a strong sentiment
of ethnic identity.
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