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In 1948, immediately before the regrouping of the Yawalapiti, Oberg (1953:44) counted 28 individuals; in 1954, during the measles epidemic which devastated the region, there were 25; in 1963 they totalled 41 individuals; and in 1970 they had increased in number to 65 (Agostinho 1972:259-260). Since then there has been a progressive population increase, not only due to the spontaneous growth of the group " stimulated by the health services in the Park and the decrease in conflicts between the peoples of the upper Xingu and their neighbors, as a result of the "pacification" work done by the Villas Bôas brothers -, but also to the incorporation of members from other villages, an ancient custom in the region, which intensified with the creation of the Park. Orlando and Cláudio Villas Bôas stimulated marriages with other peoples, principally with the Kamaiurá, Kuikuro and Mehinako. Although the Kuikuro and Kamaiurá languages predominate, at times the "men’s house" of the village includes speakers of nearly all the languages of the upper Xingu.

In 2002, the Yawalapiti, according to data of the Unifesp, totalled 208 individuals.